Reference · Glossary
Glossary — SPT & the physics theories
115 terms, grouped by theory. The SPT groups are the theory's own vocabulary; the other groups are established physics that SPT builds on or references. Type to search (accent-insensitive).
Showing 115 / 115 terms
SPT — Substrate & Ontology(20)
The objects SPT is built from — the lattice, the node, the bit, and how matter lives on them.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
SPT (Supreme Polarity Theory) SPT (Thuyết Thái Cực Vạn Vật) | Supreme Polarity Theory — in Vietnamese 'Thuyết Thái Cực Vạn Vật' — the candidate theory of everything researched and proposed by Phùng Minh Đức Anh (2026). It posits that reality is a fixed 7-dimensional Bagua lattice (Q₇) of DANodes, and derives the ~40 physical constants and the Standard Model from the Q_n integers with ZERO free parameters. | Wiki → |
Substrate (nền tảng) Substrate (nền tảng) | What lies 'underneath' everything — the deepest layer of reality. Like the floor a chair stands on: you stand on the chair, the chair on the floor, the floor on the foundation. In SPT the substrate IS the Q₇ lattice; nothing lies beneath it. | Wiki → |
DAbit (Âm–Dương bit) DAbit (bit Âm–Dương) | The smallest unit of structure: a single binary value — DA−(Âm/yin, 0) or DA+(Dương/yang, 1). A DANode carries 7 DAbit; 3 of them form a Bagua trigram. (Earlier name: yao/hào.) | Wiki → |
DANode (Âm–Dương Node) DANode (Nút Âm–Dương) | The fundamental object of reality: a fixed lattice vertex carrying 7 DAbit + a 4-spinor of matter (c↑,c↓,c̄↑,c̄↓). Every particle is an excitation of DANodes. | Wiki → |
4-spinor (c↑,c↓,c̄↑,c̄↓) 4-spinor (c↑,c↓,c̄↑,c̄↓) | The four-component matter content of a DANode: two binary choices — spin (↑/↓) × matter/antimatter (c/c̄). The Bagua trigram is the charge LABEL; the 4-spinor is the matter INSIDE. | Wiki → |
Lattice (lưới) Lưới (lattice) | A fixed grid of sites with nearest-neighbour coupling. SPT's lattice is fundamental (spacing a = ℓ_Pl), not an approximation: the sites never translate, only the wave-pattern on them moves (Theorem 2.1). | Wiki → |
Membrane (lớp phủ) Lớp phủ (membrane) | The thin two-faced film at the outer edge of the time-string where reality is updated; carrier of all forces and all light. A flip swaps which face (Yin/Yang) is exposed. | Wiki → |
Membrane spacing a Khoảng cách lớp phủ a | The distance between neighbouring lattice sites — set to the Planck length, a = ℓ_Pl ≈ 1.616×10⁻³⁵ m. The smallest length in reality; there is no 'between' two adjacent DANodes. | Wiki → |
Membrane tick τ Tick lớp phủ τ | The smallest time step — one update of the membrane, set to the Planck time τ_Pl ≈ 5.4×10⁻⁴⁴ s. Time advances in discrete ticks; c = a/τ is one site per tick. | Wiki → |
Flip rate Tốc độ lật | How often a node flips per second (= frequency ν). It sets the energy (E = hν) and, for light, the colour. A faster flip rate = bluer light / higher energy. | Wiki → |
Flip (lật) Lật (flip) | One of a node's two motions: the membrane swaps its exposed Yin↔Yang face. Discrete, carries energy hν, propagates at c. Pure flipping = a photon. | Wiki → |
Spin (xoay) Xoay (spin) | The node's other motion: internal rotation of its two poles. Source of mass and inertia. A fermion needs 720° to return (spin-½). | Wiki → |
Phase (pha) Pha (phase) | A continuous angle φ∈[0,2π) tracking where in its cycle a node is. In-phase nodes attract, anti-phase repel — the single rule behind all four forces, plus color and entanglement. | Wiki → |
Wave-pattern (mẫu sóng) Mẫu sóng (wave-pattern) | Matter = a propagating pattern of excitations on the fixed DANode lattice. The vertices don't move; only the pattern does. 'You are a wave-pattern, not a substance.' | Wiki → |
Virtual DANode DANode ảo | Off-shell DANode quanta of the vacuum, density ~10¹⁰⁴/m³ (Law 41), lifetime ~Planck time. The 'empty' substrate underlying dark energy, the Casimir effect, and equilibration. | Wiki → |
Cascade depth d₀ Độ sâu cascade d₀ | The slope d₀ = √7/4 in the mass cascade m_i = M_Pl·exp(−d_i/d₀); the geometric ladder giving all 12 fermion masses (Laws 6, 37). It is the spectral gap of the Q₆ Laplacian. | Wiki → |
V(φ) potential = −λ·cos(φ/φ₀) Thế V(φ) = −λ·cos(φ/φ₀) | The cosine self-interaction potential in the SPT Action. This one term drives inflation, baryogenesis, the coupling runnings, and the 137 shell structure — and its solitons (kinks) are the non-thermalizing topological sector. | Wiki → |
SPT Action / Lagrangian Action / Lagrangian SPT | The single master equation S = ∫d⁴x[½(∂φ)² + iψ̄γ^μ∂_μψ + ¼Tr(F·F) − V(φ)] from which all SPT physics is derived — one Action, zero free parameters. | Wiki → |
c = 2Ja/ℏ (speed of light) c = 2Ja/ℏ (tốc độ ánh sáng) | In SPT the speed limit c is DERIVED, not postulated: it is the lattice hopping rate (J = hopping energy, a = spacing). So c survives even if relativity were wrong. | Wiki → |
1/α = Q₇+Q₃+1 = 137 1/α = Q₇+Q₃+1 = 137 | The fine-structure constant as an EXACT Bagua identity: 128 + 8 + 1 = 137. The number that haunted Pauli, here a pure integer relation among Q_n shells (Tier-B EXACT). | Wiki → |
SPT — Bagua Lattice (Q₃ … Q₇)(18)
The hypercube hierarchy and Bagua structure that organise the substrate and supply the integers behind every constant.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
Q_n hypercube (siêu khối) Siêu khối Q_n (hypercube) | The n-dimensional hypercube graph: 2ⁿ vertices, each an n-DAbit binary string; two vertices are adjacent iff they differ in exactly one DAbit. The Q_n family supplies SPT's integers (Q₃=8, Q₅=32, Q₇=128…). | Wiki → |
Q₃ (= 8, the Bagua) Q₃ (= 8, Bát Quái) | The 3-cube: 2³ = 8 vertices = the 8 Bagua trigrams = the internal-gauge sector (≈ the 8 SU(3) generators / gluon octet). As a constant Q₃ = 8 appears in 1/α = Q₇+Q₃+1 = 137. | Wiki → |
Q₄ (= 16) Q₄ (= 16) | The 4-cube: 2⁴ = 16 vertices. Q₇ = Q₃ □ Q₄ (a Cartesian product), so Q₄ is the 'extra' 4 DAbit (1 time + 3 spatial) layered on the 3 internal-gauge DAbit. | Wiki → |
Q₅ (= 32) Q₅ (= 32) | The 5-cube: 2⁵ = 32 vertices. Appears as a building integer in closed-form constants — e.g. the shared denominator 40 = Q₃ + Q₅ in the Cabibbo angle (9/40) and the Hubble ratio (27/40). | Wiki → |
Q₆ (= 64 hexagrams) Q₆ (= 64 quẻ kép) | The 6-cube: 2⁶ = 64 vertices = the 64 I-Ching hexagrams. The spectral gap of the Q₆ Laplacian (λ₂ = 16/7) gives the cascade slope d₀ = √7/4 (Law 6). | Wiki → |
Q₇ (= 128, the substrate) Q₇ (= 128, nền lưới) | The 7-cube: 2⁷ = 128 vertices = the full SPT substrate. Its 7 DAbit split as 3 spatial + 1 time + 3 internal gauge (Law 58). Q₇ = 128 is the leading term in 1/α = 137. | Wiki → |
Bát Quái (Bagua) Bát Quái | The eight trigrams (Càn, Đoài, Ly, Chấn, Tốn, Khảm, Cấn, Khôn) = the 8 vertices of Q₃. In SPT they are the 8 internal-gauge charge sectors a DANode can occupy. | Wiki → |
Gauge charge (điện tích gauge) Điện tích gauge | The internal charge a DANode carries — color (SU(3)), weak isospin (SU(2)), and hypercharge (U(1)). In SPT these live in the 3 internal-gauge DAbit, so a DANode's gauge charge IS its Bagua trigram. Changing a gauge charge = flipping one internal DAbit = emitting a gauge boson (a Bagua-cube edge); gauge charge is conserved exactly (Noether, Law 7). | Wiki → |
Trigram / quẻ đơn Quẻ đơn (trigram) | A 3-DAbit string — one of the 8 Bagua sectors. It is the DANode's 'flavour / charge label': the 3 internal-gauge DAbit read together (Càn ☰ … Khôn ☷). | Wiki → |
Hexagram / quẻ kép Quẻ kép (hexagram) | A 6-DAbit string — one of the 64 vertices of Q₆, exactly the 64 hexagrams of the I Ching. Two hexagrams are adjacent iff they differ in one DAbit (a 1-flip). | Wiki → |
Hamming weight w Hamming weight w | The number of DA+(yang) switches in a trigram (0–3); a charge-like quantum number. w=3 (Càn)=antimatter pole, w=0 (Khôn)=vacuum pole. | Wiki → |
DA balance (= 2w − 3) Cân bằng DA (= 2w − 3) | (#DA+) − (#DA−) = 2w − 3, from −3 (Khôn) to +3 (Càn). Measures how matter- or antimatter-leaning a sector is. | Wiki → |
Z₂_DA symmetry Đối xứng Z₂_DA | Flip every DAbit (Âm↔Dương). This is the matter↔antimatter operation; it pairs the 8 sectors into 4 dual pairs (each sector + its dual = (1,1,1)) and forbids the QCD θ-term. | Wiki → |
Càn ☰ / Khôn ☷ Càn ☰ / Khôn ☷ | The all-yang (Càn, w=3) and all-yin (Khôn, w=0) trigrams — the antimatter pole and the vacuum / dark-matter pole, and the strongest Z₂_DA dual pair. | Wiki → |
Subdivision / power-of-two Chia tách / lũy tiến bậc 2 | One node splits into two children, each a complete node: 1 → 2 → 4 → 8 → … → 128. The one-way subdivision that builds the Q₇ substrate from a single Thái Cực. | Wiki → |
Shell (Shell-13, Shell-40) Shell (Shell-13, Shell-40) | A recurring denominator that organises several constants at once. Shell-13 appears in sin²θ_W = 3/13, PMNS sin²θ_12 = 4/13, CKM A = 13/16; Shell-40 = Q₃+Q₅ appears in the Cabibbo angle 9/40 and Hubble 27/40. Shells are the cross-sector fingerprints of the Bagua structure. | Wiki → |
Spectral dimension d_s(Q₇) Chiều phổ d_s(Q₇) | The effective dimension a random walker 'feels' on the Q₇ lattice, read from the Laplacian spectrum. It governs how heat/probability spreads on the substrate and underlies the cascade slope d₀ = √7/4. | Wiki → |
Dilution 7/8 Pha loãng 7/8 | A shell-counting factor (7 of 8 trigram directions) that appears in cosmological densities — e.g. the baryon-density derivation Ω_b. A geometric ratio of the Bagua cube, not a fitted number. | Wiki → |
SPT — Laws, Tiers & Method(15)
How SPT states and grades its claims, and how to verify them.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
Law (Định luật) Định luật (Law) | A numbered SPT result (1–80), each with a SymPy proof script, a dedicated wiki, and a falsifier. Foundational Laws + quick-win/Phase-7+/Phase-8 corollaries. | Wiki → |
Tier-B EXACT Tier-B EXACT | A claim that is an exact algebraic identity (Δ ≡ 0), e.g. 1/α = Q₇+Q₃+1 = 137. The strongest tier. | Wiki → |
Tier-B PASS Tier-B PASS | A closed-form prediction matching PDG/CODATA to Δ < 1% with no upstream calibration. | Wiki → |
Tier-A PASS Tier-A PASS | A prediction matching data to Δ < 1% but with a calibration somewhere upstream, or a structural (not fully rigorous) argument. | Wiki → |
META (tier) META (tier) | A framework-level synthesis or structural insight rather than a single numeric derivation (e.g. the V(φ) upgrade, the Phase-8 completion synthesis). | Wiki → |
Ab-initio Ab-initio | Derived from first principles (the Q_n integers) with zero free parameters — not fitted to data. | Wiki → |
Falsifier Falsifier (phép bác bỏ) | A specific experiment, deadline, and threshold that would disprove an SPT claim (e.g. CMB-S4 2028 measuring f_NL far from 3/2). No falsifier = not scientific. | Wiki → |
SymPy verification Kiểm chứng SymPy | A self-contained Python (SymPy) script that re-derives a claim symbolically in seconds, downloadable so anyone can reproduce it. | Wiki → |
Đợt (batch) Đợt (batch) | A dated release batch of new SPT results; each Đợt bumps the v3.x version and is logged in the discoveries log. | Wiki → |
Cross-sector pattern Mẫu hình liên-sector | A numerical motif recurring across unrelated physics sectors (e.g. the denominator 13 in sin²θ_W, PMNS, and CKM), used as Bayesian evidence the structure isn't coincidence. | Wiki → |
Free parameters (tham số tự do) Tham số tự do (free parameters) | Numbers a theory must take from experiment rather than derive. The Standard Model has ~26, MSSM ~100, string theory ~10⁵⁰⁰. SPT has ZERO: every constant is derived from the Q_n integers. This is its single strongest claim. | Wiki → |
PDG / CODATA PDG / CODATA | The authoritative compilations of physical constants MEASURED FROM REALITY — values read off the actual universe with experimental instruments (particle accelerators like the LHC, telescopes/satellites like Planck, atomic clocks). PDG = Particle Data Group (particle masses, mixing angles); CODATA = fundamental constants (α, ℏ, c…). They are NOT theory — they are what nature actually reads on the dial. SPT's predictions are CHECKED against these measured numbers to assign Tier-B/A PASS; they are never fitted to them. | Wiki → |
Closed form Dạng đóng (closed form) | An exact mathematical expression built only from known integers/operations (no decimals pulled from experiment) — e.g. 1/α = Q₇+Q₃+1. SPT's constants are all closed forms in the Q_n integers. | Wiki → |
Non-trivial rational Số hữu tỉ phi-trivial | A fraction whose numerator and denominator are non-obvious small integers (e.g. 3/13, 9/40, 55/57). A single such hit could be coincidence; dozens hitting PDG values is the cross-sector evidence SPT rests on. | Wiki → |
SI units Đơn vị SI | The international system of units (metre, kilogram, second…). SPT derives dimensionless ratios from the Q_n integers; turning them into SI numbers (e.g. masses in GeV) needs only one calibration scale (M_Pl). | Wiki → |
Standard Model & Particle Physics(14)
The established theory of particles and forces that SPT derives from Bagua structure.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
Quark Quark | A fermion carrying color charge, bound inside protons/neutrons by the strong force. Six flavours (u,d,c,s,t,b). | — |
Lepton Lepton | A fermion that does NOT feel the strong force — the electron, muon, tau, and their neutrinos. | — |
Boson / Fermion Boson / Fermion | Bosons (integer spin) are force carriers and can pile up; fermions (half-integer spin) are matter and obey Pauli exclusion. | — |
Gauge symmetry SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) Đối xứng gauge SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) | The internal symmetry of the Standard Model: 8 (strong) + 3 (weak) + 1 (hypercharge) = 12 generators. In SPT these map to the 3 internal-gauge DAbit (Law 58). | Wiki → |
Color charge Điện tích màu | The strong-force charge carried by quarks and gluons (red/green/blue). Only color-neutral combinations are free (confinement). | — |
Higgs / VEV (v ≈ 246 GeV) Higgs / VEV (v ≈ 246 GeV) | The field whose vacuum value v ≈ 246 GeV gives mass to W, Z and fermions. SPT closed form: m_H = v·√(33/128) ≈ 125 GeV. | Wiki → |
Gluon / W / Z / photon Gluon / W / Z / photon | The Standard Model force carriers. In SPT each is the quantum emitted when a DANode flips an internal DAbit — an edge of the Bagua cube. | Wiki → |
Antimatter Phản vật chất | Particles with the opposite charges of ordinary matter. In SPT it is the Z₂_DA dual (all DAbit flipped) of matter — the Càn-saturated end of the Bagua. | Wiki → |
Generation (3 families) Thế hệ (3 họ) | The three repeating copies of the fermions (e/μ/τ, etc.). SPT derives exactly three from a Pólya counting on Q₇. | Wiki → |
θ_QCD (strong CP) θ_QCD (CP mạnh) | A possible CP-violating term in QCD, measured to be ~0. SPT forbids it exactly via the Z₂_DA symmetry (Law 8). | Wiki → |
sin²θ_W = 3/13 (Weinberg angle) sin²θ_W = 3/13 (góc Weinberg) | The electroweak mixing angle as a closed-form Bagua ratio 3/13. The denominator 13 recurs in PMNS (4/13) and CKM (13/16) — a cross-sector signature. | Wiki → |
CKM / PMNS matrix Ma trận CKM / PMNS | The quark (CKM) and neutrino (PMNS) flavour-mixing matrices. SPT gives both as closed-form Bagua ratios (e.g. sinθ_C = 9/40, sin²θ_12 = 4/13). | Wiki → |
Hadron mass (proton, pion) Khối lượng hadron (proton, pion) | 99% of the proton's mass is QCD confinement, not Higgs. SPT: m_p = Λ_QCD·√(6π) ≈ 942 MeV — the lightest stable Q₃→Q₆ closure state. | Wiki → |
E = mc² E = mc² | Mass–energy equivalence. In SPT, trapped spin energy IS rest mass; the relation follows from the lattice dispersion at zero momentum. | Wiki → |
Quantum Mechanics(11)
The rules of the quantum world that SPT reproduces — and that guard against FTL.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
Quantum Mechanics (QM) Cơ học Lượng tử (QM) | The linear, probabilistic theory of the microscopic world (wavefunctions, superposition, the Born rule). SPT REPRODUCES standard QM as the low-energy behaviour of DANode wave-patterns — it does not replace it; it explains where it comes from. | Wiki → |
Wavefunction Hàm sóng | The complex amplitude ψ whose squared magnitude gives the probability of each measurement outcome (Born rule). | — |
Born rule Quy tắc Born | Probability = |ψ|². In SPT it is an emergent equilibrium of the substrate; the same linear structure that gives the Born rule gives 1/α = 137 and forbids FTL. | Wiki → |
Superposition Chồng chập | A quantum system can be in a linear combination of states at once. Linearity is the deep guardian against faster-than-light signalling (Gisin). | — |
Entanglement Liên đới / Rối | A joint state of two systems not factorizable into separate states. Strong correlations, but no usable signal (no-communication theorem). | Wiki → |
No-communication theorem Định lý no-communication | No local operation on one half of an entangled pair changes the other half's measurable statistics (ρ_B = I/2 ∀ choices). Why entanglement cannot send FTL signals. | Wiki → |
Heisenberg uncertainty Bất định Heisenberg | Δx·Δp ≥ ℏ/2 — position and momentum cannot both be sharp. In SPT it emerges from the real-DA vs virtual-DA regime switch (Law 44). | Wiki → |
Pauli exclusion Loại trừ Pauli | No two identical fermions occupy the same state. In SPT: same-phase nodes at zero distance repel violently (Law 16). | Wiki → |
Bell / CHSH inequality Bất đẳng thức Bell / CHSH | A bound (|S|≤2 classically) violated by entanglement up to the Tsirelson bound 2√2 ≈ 2.828. SPT derives 2√2 from the SU(2) DAbit-spin algebra (Law 46). | Wiki → |
Holevo bound Giới hạn Holevo | An upper limit on the classical information extractable from a quantum state. When ρ_B is identical for all of Alice's choices, accessible info = 0 bits — the framework-independent no-FTL statement. | Wiki → |
Decoherence / collapse Decoherence / sụp đổ | Loss of quantum coherence through interaction with the environment, giving the appearance of measurement 'collapse'. In SPT, dilution into ~10¹⁰⁴ virtual-DA modes (Law 45). | Wiki → |
Quantum Field Theory & Lattice(7)
The field-theory machinery SPT extends to the Planck-scale substrate.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
Quantum field theory (QFT) Lý thuyết trường lượng tử (QFT) | The framework where particles are excitations of underlying fields. SPT is a lattice field theory whose lattice is fundamental (a = ℓ_Pl), not just an approximation. | Wiki → |
Lattice gauge / Wilson action Lattice gauge / Wilson action | Gauge theory on a discrete lattice; the Wilson action is the standard discretization SPT uses on Q₇ (Law 68). | Wiki → |
Osterwalder–Schrader (OS) axioms Tiên đề Osterwalder–Schrader (OS) | The 5 axioms a Euclidean field theory must satisfy to define a genuine quantum theory (reflection positivity, Euclidean invariance, …). Central to the Clay Yang-Mills problem. | Wiki → |
Mass gap Khe khối lượng (mass gap) | A positive minimum energy above the vacuum in a gauge theory. SPT: m_gap = Λ_QCD·√(6π) ≈ 942 MeV (Laws 51, 56, 78). | Wiki → |
Lieb–Robinson bound Giới hạn Lieb–Robinson | On a lattice, information spreads no faster than a finite velocity v_LR set by the hopping — the lattice version of the light cone. In SPT v_LR = 2Ja/ℏ = c. | Wiki → |
Renormalization / cutoff Tái chuẩn hóa / cutoff | Absorbing infinities in QFT via a cutoff and running couplings. SPT's finite lattice (a = ℓ_Pl) provides a natural physical cutoff — no hand-tuned infinities. | Wiki → |
Virtual particle Hạt ảo | An off-shell intermediate state; its propagator is nonzero at spacelike separation but the commutator vanishes there (microcausality), so it sends no FTL signal. | Wiki → |
General Relativity & Cosmology(14)
Spacetime, gravity, the cosmos — and the limits on travel through them.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
Speed of light c Tốc độ ánh sáng c | The universal speed limit. In SPT it is DERIVED, not postulated: c = 2Ja/ℏ, the lattice hopping rate — so it survives even if relativity were wrong. | Wiki → |
FTL (Faster Than Light) FTL (Nhanh Hơn Ánh Sáng) | Moving or signalling faster than c. SPT's verified core forbids it; the same structure that forbids FTL derives 137. | Wiki → |
Time dilation Giãn nở thời gian | A fast traveller's own clock runs slow. The law-abiding way to cross the galaxy within a human lifetime (~22 crew-years) without exceeding c. | Wiki → |
NEC / ANEC NEC / ANEC | The (averaged) null energy condition — proven (2016–17) to hold for physical matter. It forbids the negative energy needed for traversable wormholes and warp drives. | Wiki → |
Wormhole / ER=EPR Wormhole / ER=EPR | A hypothetical shortcut; ER=EPR conjectures it equals an entangled pair (distance emergent from entanglement). The bridge is non-traversable faster than c (Gao–Jafferis–Wall). | Wiki → |
Big Bang / bounce Big Bang / cú nảy | SPT replaces the Big Bang singularity with a bounce: the modified Friedmann H² = (8πG/3)ρ(1−ρ/ρ_c) bounds the density at ρ_c (Laws 52, 60). | Wiki → |
Dark matter Vật chất tối | Invisible mass felt only by gravity. SPT: yin-dominant Bagua configurations, count C(7,4) = 35, m_DM ≈ 60 GeV (Laws 41, 64). | Wiki → |
Dark energy (Λ) Năng lượng tối (Λ) | The energy driving cosmic acceleration. SPT closes the 122-order 'Weinberg disaster' via Λ^(1/4) = √(m_ν2·m_ν3)/Q₃ (Law 41). | Wiki → |
Inflation Lạm phát | The early exponential expansion. SPT drives it with its own V(φ) (no new field): N_e = 60 e-folds, n_s = 55/57 (Law 50). | Wiki → |
Hubble constant H₀ / tension Hằng số Hubble H₀ / căng thẳng | The expansion rate. SPT: h = 27/40 = 0.675 (Planck) and the Planck–SH0ES tension resolves as √(75/64) phase evolution (Laws 35, 57). | Wiki → |
Graviton (spin-2) Graviton (spin-2) | The hypothetical gravity quantum, spin-2 with exactly 2 polarizations (h₊, h×). SPT derives the 2 from the Q₇ yao-pair structure (Law 47). | Wiki → |
Lorentz invariance Bất biến Lorentz | The symmetry of special relativity (no preferred frame). SPT shows it emerges from the Q₇ lattice at observable scales with breaking ≤ (ℓ_Pl/L)² (Law 77). | Wiki → |
LIGO / Virgo LIGO / Virgo | The laser-interferometer observatories that detect gravitational waves. ~100 events show only the 2 tensor polarizations SPT predicts (no scalar/vector). LIGO O5 / Einstein Telescope will test the SPT GW phase residual ε = 1/(8π·Q₇²). | Wiki → |
CMB-S4 / LISA / PTA CMB-S4 / LISA / PTA | Near-future cosmology experiments: CMB-S4 (2028) measures non-Gaussianity f_NL (SPT bounce: 3/2); LISA + Pulsar Timing Arrays (~2035) measure the SGWB tilt n_T (SPT: 3/13). These are SPT's sharpest cosmological falsifiers. | Wiki → |
String Theory, SUSY & Quantum Gravity(6)
Other unification / quantum-gravity programs SPT compares itself to.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
SUSY (Supersymmetry) / MSSM SUSY (Siêu đối xứng) / MSSM | A proposed symmetry pairing every fermion with a boson 'superpartner'. The MSSM adds ~100 free parameters and predicts superpartners the LHC has not found. SPT needs no superpartners and zero free parameters — a sharp contrast in economy. | — |
Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) Hấp dẫn Lượng tử Vòng (LQG) | A quantum-gravity program that quantizes spacetime into discrete spin networks. SPT shares its discreteness and borrows its Master-Constraint technique (Thiemann 2003) for the gravity inner product (Law 79), but builds on the Q₇ Bagua lattice instead. | — |
String (open / closed) Dây (hở / kín) | In String Theory, particles are vibration modes of 1D strings. SPT maps pure flip ↔ open string (photon) and pure spin ↔ closed string (fermion/graviton). | Wiki → |
Wheeler–DeWitt equation Phương trình Wheeler–DeWitt | The quantum-gravity constraint Ĥ|Ψ⟩ = 0 with no external time. SPT formulates it on Q₇ with 1+3+3 = 7 first-class constraints per cell (Law 69). | Wiki → |
Master constraint Master constraint | An LQG technique (Thiemann 2003) bundling all constraints into one self-adjoint operator. SPT uses it to build the gravity-sector physical inner product (Law 79). | Wiki → |
Clay Yang–Mills problem Bài toán Clay Yang–Mills | A $1M Millennium Problem: rigorously construct 4D Yang–Mills and prove a mass gap. SPT gives a substrate-cutoff roadmap (Laws 67–80), ~95% complete, not yet a prize submission. | Wiki → |
Classical & General Physics(5)
Foundational mechanics concepts the SPT Action and the derivation explorer build on.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
Action (physics) Action (tác dụng) | The quantity S = ∫L dt (time-integral of the Lagrangian) that nature extremises (principle of least action). Every law of motion follows from making S stationary. SPT packs ALL of physics into one Action. | Wiki → |
Lagrangian (L) Lagrangian (L) | The function L = (kinetic) − (potential) whose time-integral is the Action. In field theory it is a density 𝓛 integrated over spacetime. SPT's is 𝓛 = ½(∂φ)² + iψ̄γ^μ∂_μψ + ¼Tr(F·F) − V(φ). | Wiki → |
Kinetic energy (động năng) Động năng (kinetic energy) | The energy of motion, ½mv² classically, or the ½(∂φ)² term in a field Lagrangian. In SPT, trapped rotational (spin) kinetic energy IS rest mass. | Wiki → |
Potential energy / V(φ) Thế năng / V(φ) | Stored energy depending on configuration, the '−V' term in a Lagrangian. SPT's field potential V(φ) = −λ·cos(φ/φ₀) is the single cosine that drives inflation, baryogenesis, and the 137 shell structure. | Wiki → |
Force / F = ma (inertia) Lực / F = ma (quán tính) | Newton's second law: force = mass × acceleration. In SPT, inertia is a spinning node's resistance to changing its motion; F = ma is the bulk average of that resistance over many DANodes. | Wiki → |
I Ching / Eastern Roots(5)
The 3,000-year-old structures that inspired (but do not prove) the SPT vocabulary.
| Term | Definition | Details |
|---|---|---|
Thái Cực (Tai Chi) Thái Cực | The 'Supreme Polarity' — the primordial unity containing Âm and Dương. The namesake of the theory (Thuyết Thái Cực Vạn Vật) and the One node from which Q₇ subdivides. | Wiki → |
Âm / Dương (Yin / Yang) Âm / Dương | The two complementary poles. In SPT they become the two values of a DAbit: DA−(Âm) and DA+(Dương). | Wiki → |
Hào (yao) Hào (yao) | A single line of an I Ching trigram/hexagram — yin (broken) or yang (solid). The historical name for what SPT now calls a DAbit. | Wiki → |
Bát Quái (Bagua) Bát Quái | The eight trigrams (Càn, Đoài, Ly, Chấn, Tốn, Khảm, Cấn, Khôn). In SPT they are the 8 internal-gauge sectors a DANode can occupy. | Wiki → |
Kinh Dịch (I Ching) Kinh Dịch | The ancient Chinese Book of Changes (64 hexagrams). Its binary structure inspired SPT's Q_n lattice — but SPT's physics stands on its own SymPy proofs, not divination. | Wiki → |